The largest is US $ 22.6 trillion ... Global external debt situation (2022 release version)

The United States has the highest total external debt

Borrowings to foreign governments and financial institutions through the issuance of government bonds on a national basis, as well as to private companies and households on a household basis, are called external debt at the national level. Check the current situation from the World Bank's public database.

First of all, the countries with the highest amount of pure external debt. Converted on a US dollar basis.

This case is the sum of the government and the private sector, it is not the net asset value considering the assets (even if you have a lot of external debt, you often have more debt), and the economic scale of each country is taken into consideration. You have to keep in mind that there is no such thing. For example, even with a loan of one bottle of juice, the burden is very different between a child with a monthly allowance of 500 yen and a salaried worker who receives a monthly allowance of 50,000 yen.

Looking at the face value alone, the United States of America, which has repeatedly been screaming at home and abroad due to financial problems (budget and government bond issuance limit) within the government over and over again in the last few years, is by far the most common. Then Britain, France, Germany, and Japan. Japan is the fifth, $ 4.60 trillion.

Check by changing the cut

In order to know the actual burden for each country, it is necessary to consider the degree of burden for each country in addition to the total amount. Therefore, the GDP (Gross Domestic Product) of each country was also extracted from the database of the World Bank (using the one in 2020 for which the values ​​of the relevant countries are available), and the GPD ratio of the total external debt was calculated. The following graph. In the analogy directly above, "For a monthly allowance of 500 yen, the juice fee of 120 yen is equivalent to 24%, which is a big burden." "For a monthly allowance of 50,000 yen, the juice fee of 120 yen is only 0.24%. You can check the situation like "It's almost not a pain".

Luxembourg is by far the most expensive. This is because, like Iceland, the country "earns a margin by borrowing huge amounts of money from overseas and investing it in higher-yielding financial products (eg, securitized products including subprime mortgages)". Because it is a livelihood (so-called "financial nation"). You can expect very good profits as long as you are well on your way, but in a situation like the financial crisis after 2007, you will be seriously hurt. The pain has not been healed yet.

In addition, this method is often used mainly by "small countries (in terms of population)" and "countries lacking in resources and industry" to support the financial aspects of the country, and countries that meet the conditions are lined up at the top. Again, it should be noted that the current value is the "total external debt" ratio, not that of government debt. I can't see Japan, but this is because it doesn't exist in the upper ranks. Under the same conditions, the value in Japan is 92%. It's the 46th from the top.

Finally, the value obtained by simply dividing the external debt by the population of each country (all ages). It shows "how much external debt does each person carry?" This also uses the latest available population value for 2020.

This is a result that the degree of protrusion of Luxembourg stands out more than the graph of the ratio to GDP. Other than that, there are similar countries such as Ireland, Singapore, Switzerland and Hong Kong. The reason why Japan is not seen here is due to the same circumstances as the graph of GDP ratio. The value of Japan is about 37,000 dollars, which is the 29th from the top.

This case is based on the sum of all external debts of the private sector and the government. Since a simple comparison involves some risk, it is recommended to compare the bond trends as well. On the other hand, by reading the related articles together, the debt situation at home and abroad will surely become clearer than it is now.

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(Note) Unless otherwise specified, the graphs and charts in the text are quoted from the materials described or created by the author based on the materials.

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(Note) Numbers used in article titles, texts, graphs, etc. may be rounded to the nearest whole number so that the display will be optimal on the spot. Therefore, the total value of the numbers on the display may not match exactly.

(Note) If the value at the end of the axis of the graph is set to a non-zero positive value in order to format the graph and make it easier to see the movement of numbers, the value may be circled to call attention. ..

(Note) In the graph, some notations such as items (such as okurigana) may be omitted or changed in order to improve the appearance. Also, "~" may be expressed as "-".

(Note) "ppt" in the graph means% point.

(Note) "(Large) Earthquake" means the Great East Japan Earthquake unless otherwise specified or detailed.

(Note) This article is a partial addition or change to the article posted in [Garbage News].